Men and Diabetes: Symptoms, Risks and Prevention Tips
Diabetes is a growing health concern worldwide, affecting millions of men across the globe. It’s a condition that, when left undiagnosed or poorly managed, can lead to severe complications, including heart disease, kidney failure and nerve damage. Men, in particular, need to be aware of the specific symptoms and risks that can arise from diabetes to ensure they take proactive steps in managing their health. Explore the various diabetes symptoms in men, early signs of diabetes in men, risk factors and prevention tips to help you take control of your health.
Table of Contents
- Understanding Diabetes
- Common Diabetes Symptoms in Men
- Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms in Men
- Risk Factors for Diabetes in Men
- How to Detect Diabetes in Men
- Prevention Tips for Men’s Health, Including Diabetes Prevention
- Conclusion
Understanding Diabetes
Diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to properly regulate blood glucose (sugar) levels. There are two primary forms of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks insulin-producing cells. Type 2 diabetes, the more common form, occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels.
While anyone can develop diabetes, certain risk factors and symptoms are more prevalent in men – particularly those over the age of 40.
Common Diabetes Symptoms in Men
The symptoms of diabetes in men can be subtle in the early stages, which is why early detection is crucial. Common diabetes symptoms in men include:
Frequent urination (polyuria)
High blood sugar levels lead to frequent trips to the bathroom.
Increased thirst (polydipsia)
The increased need to urinate also causes dehydration, making you feel unusually thirsty.
Unexplained weight loss
Even if you’re eating more than usual, weight loss may occur as the body starts to break down fat and muscle for energy in the absence of insulin.
Fatigue
A lack of insulin means your cells aren’t getting the energy they need from glucose, leading to constant tiredness.
Blurred vision
High blood sugar levels can cause the lens of the eye to swell, leading to vision problems.
Slow healing wounds
Cuts and bruises may take longer to heal due to poor circulation and a weakened immune system.
These are some of the early signs of diabetes symptoms in men, but symptoms can often go unnoticed until they become more severe.
Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms in Men
As men age, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases, especially for those over 40. Type 2 diabetes symptoms in men often overlap with the general symptoms mentioned above but may also include:
Erectile dysfunction (ED)
Men with type 2 diabetes are more likely to experience ED due to damage to nerves and blood vessels that affect normal blood flow.
Decreased muscle mass
High blood sugar can cause a gradual loss of muscle mass, especially in older men.
Tingling or numbness in extremities (neuropathy)
This is a sign of nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Infections
High blood sugar can impair the immune system, making men more susceptible to infections, particularly in the skin, gums and urinary tract.
Risk Factors for Diabetes in Men
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing diabetes, particularly for men. Diabetes risk factors in men include:
Age
The risk of type 2 diabetes increases after the age of 40.
Family history
Men with a family history of diabetes are at a higher risk of developing the condition themselves.
Obesity
Excess body fat – particularly around the waist – increases insulin resistance, making it more difficult for the body to regulate blood sugar.
Sedentary lifestyle
Lack of regular physical activity contributes to obesity and insulin resistance.
High blood pressure and cholesterol
These conditions often go hand in hand with diabetes, compounding the risk of heart disease.
Poor dietary habits
Consuming large amounts of carbohydrates in particular processed carbohydrates contributes to weight gain and the development of Diabetes.
Ethnicity
People of African and Indian descent are at a higher risk of developing diabetes.
How to Detect Diabetes in Men
The earlier diabetes is detected, the better the chances of managing it effectively and avoiding complications. Regular screening and monitoring of blood sugar levels are essential to detect diabetes in men, especially for those with risk factors. Here are some ways to detect diabetes:
Blood glucose tests
These tests measure the amount of glucose in your blood. A fasting blood sugar test, for example, is a common diagnostic tool.
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test
This test provides an average of your blood sugar levels over the past two to three months and is used as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for Diabetes.
Oral glucose tolerance test
This test measures how your body processes glucose after consuming a sugary drink.
Prevention Tips for Men’s Health, Including Diabetes Prevention
While diabetes can be a serious condition, it is often preventable, especially type 2 diabetes. Here are some prevention tips for improving men’s health and diabetes management:
Maintain a healthy weight
Shedding excess weight can help reduce insulin resistance and lower the risk of diabetes.
Exercise regularly
Physical activity improves the body’s sensitivity to insulin and helps control blood sugar levels. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise, like walking or cycling, most days of the week.
Eat a balanced diet
Focus on whole grains, lean proteins, vegetables and healthy fats. Avoid processed foods, sugary snacks and high-carb meals that can cause blood sugar spikes.
Monitor your blood pressure and cholesterol
High blood pressure and cholesterol levels increase the risk of diabetes-related complications. Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help you stay on top of these conditions.
Quit smoking
Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is already heightened in individuals with diabetes. Quitting smoking improves circulation and overall heart health.
Limit alcohol intake
Excessive drinking can cause spikes in blood sugar and contribute to weight gain, increasing your diabetes risk.
Regular screenings
Men over 40, or those with risk factors such as a family history of diabetes, should have regular screenings for blood glucose levels.
By incorporating these tips, men can maintain better overall health and significantly reduce their risk of developing diabetes.
Men who experience any symptoms or signs of diabetes symptoms should consult a healthcare professional immediately.
Conclusion
Diabetes is a serious health issue for men, particularly those over 40, and requires attention to the early signs of diabetes symptoms and risk factors. Recognising the common diabetes symptoms in men and taking preventive measures such as maintaining a healthy lifestyle, scheduling regular screenings and managing risk factors can make a significant difference in avoiding the condition. Whether through diet, exercise or medical intervention, proactive management of men’s health and diabetes is essential for long-term well-being.
For more information, please contact:
Dr V Jairam
Discipline: Diabetologist, Endocrinologist, Specialist Physician
Hospital: Ethekwini Hospital and Heart Centre
Telephone: +27 31 581 2798
